由 jpichiban 日本政府正在制定一项新的温室气体排放量交易制度，计划从2026年起正式实施。该制度将对减排未达标企业实施罚款，旨在提高制度的有效性。未达标企业需要从其他企业购买排放配额，否则将面临罚款。这一措施将对不积极参与温室气体减排对策的企业形成事实上的惩罚机制。日本政府计划强制电力、钢铁等具有一定排放规模的大企业参与该制度，并将引入罚款制度。具体罚款金额将根据法律规定设定每吨二氧化碳的价格，参考欧盟每吨100欧元的价格标准。目前，日本已开始实施自愿参与的试验性排放量交易制度，但该制度没有法律约束力，参与率存在差异。日本政府的目标是建立一个能够激励企业积极减排的制度，并参考欧盟等国家先行经验，制定更有效率的排放量交易制度。
Original Title: 日本政府拟对减排未达标企业实施罚款
Summary: The Japanese government is adjusting the greenhouse gas emissions trading system, which will be formally introduced in 2026. If companies fail to meet their emission reduction targets and do not purchase emission allowances from other companies, they will be fined. This creates a de facto penalty mechanism for companies that are not actively participating in greenhouse gas reduction measures, aiming to improve the effectiveness of the trading system. Related content will be included in the amendment to the Green Transformation Promotion Act, which is scheduled to be submitted to the regular Diet session in 2025.
The Japanese government discussed measures to enhance the effectiveness of the emissions trading system at a Cabinet Secretariat expert meeting on emissions trading systems on September 3. The framework of the system, including fines, is expected to be finalized by the end of 2024.
The Japanese government plans to require large companies, such as electricity and steel companies, with certain emissions levels to participate in the emissions trading system starting in fiscal 2026. The government also plans to introduce a fine system.
Emissions trading is one of the “carbon pricing” methods that sets a price for carbon. This system sets a cap on the greenhouse gas emissions of companies. Companies that fail to reduce their emissions sufficiently must purchase remaining emissions allowances from companies that have achieved their goals.
Regarding the specific amount of the fine, it is likely to be set according to a legal price per ton of carbon dioxide. The European Union, which is leading the way, has set a price of €100 per ton.
Since fiscal 2023, Japan has implemented a pilot emissions trading system in which companies voluntarily participate. This system is not legally binding, and participation rates vary across industries. Europe was the first to introduce a legally binding system, and Japan faces the challenge of establishing a system that can incentivize companies to make emission reduction efforts.
Original article: http://cn.nikkei.com/politicsaeconomy/economic-policy/56588-2024-09-03-10-00-44.html?print=1